Alamundarus

   1) al-Mundhir III

   Arab ruler of the Lakhmids (q.v.) from ca. 505-554. He threatened Byzantium (q.v.), beginning in the reign of Anastasios I (q.v.), repeatedly raiding Byzantine territory in support of Persian king Kavad (qq.v.). Justin I (q.v.) was forced to seek peace with him in 524. However, his raids resumed in the reign of Justinian I (q.v.), despite opposition from Byzantium's client-state, the Ghassanids (q.v.).

   2) al-Mundhir

   Ruler of the Ghassanids (q.v.) from 569-582. His Arab (q.v.) troops fought as allies (foederati [q.v.]) of Byzantium against Persia (qq.v.), and against the Arab allies of the Persians, the Lakhmids (q.v.). In 580 al-Mundhir (the Byzantines called him Alamundarus) conquered the Lakhmid capital of Hira, for which he was honored by Tiberios I in a state visit to Constantinople (qq.v.). His adherence to Monophysitism (q.v.) aroused the suspicion of Maurice (q.v.), who had him exiled.